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Documentation Index

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This page provides a complete list of operators available when building a query for the Search API endpoints.

Overview

Operators are used to match on specific Post attributes. There are two types:
  • Standalone operators — Can be used alone or with any other operators
  • Conjunction-required operators — Must be used with at least one standalone operator

Keyword and Phrase Operators

OperatorTypeSummaryExample
keywordStandaloneMatches a keyword within the Post body (tokenized match)pepsi OR cola OR "coca cola"
emojiStandaloneMatches an emoji within the Post body(😃 OR 😡) 😬
"exact phrase"StandaloneMatches the exact phrase within the Post body("X API" OR #v2) -"recent search"

Entity Operators

OperatorTypeSummaryExample
#StandaloneMatches Posts containing a hashtag (exact match)#thankunext #fanart
@StandaloneMatches Posts mentioning a username(@XDevelopers OR @API) -@X
$StandaloneMatches Posts containing a cashtag$twtr OR @XDevelopers -$fb

User Operators

OperatorTypeSummaryExample
from:StandaloneMatches Posts from a specific userfrom:XDevelopers OR from:API
to:StandaloneMatches Posts in reply to a specific userto:XDevelopers OR to:API
retweets_of:StandaloneMatches Retweets of a specific userretweets_of:twitterdev

URL Operators

OperatorTypeSummaryExample
url:StandaloneTokenized match on URL (matches url or expanded_url fields)url:"https://developer.twitter.com"

Context and Entity Operators

OperatorTypeSummaryExample
context:StandaloneMatches Posts with a specific domain/entity paircontext:10.799022225751871488
entity:StandaloneMatches Posts with a specific entity string value (recent search only)entity:"Michael Jordan"
conversation_id:StandaloneMatches Posts in a conversation threadconversation_id:1334987486343299072

List Operator

OperatorTypeSummaryExample
list:StandaloneMatches Posts from members of a specific Listlist:123

Post Reference Operators

OperatorTypeSummaryExample
in_reply_to_tweet_id:StandaloneMatches replies to a specific Postin_reply_to_tweet_id:1539382664746020864
retweets_of_tweet_id:StandaloneMatches Retweets of a specific Postretweets_of_tweet_id:1539382664746020864
quotes_of_tweet_id:StandaloneMatches Quote Tweets of a specific Postquotes_of_tweet_id:1539382664746020864

Location Operators

OperatorTypeSummaryExample
place:StandaloneMatches Posts tagged with a locationplace:"new york city" OR place:seattle
place_country:StandaloneMatches Posts with a country codeplace_country:US OR place_country:MX
point_radius:StandaloneMatches Posts within a radius of a pointpoint_radius:[2.355128 48.861118 16km]
bounding_box:StandaloneMatches Posts within a bounding boxbounding_box:[-105.301758 39.964069 -105.178505 40.09455]

Post Type Operators

OperatorTypeSummaryExample
is:retweetConjunction requiredMatches Retweetsdata @XDevelopers -is:retweet
is:replyConjunction requiredMatches repliesfrom:XDevelopers is:reply
is:quoteConjunction requiredMatches Quote Tweets"sentiment analysis" is:quote
is:verifiedConjunction requiredMatches Posts from verified authors#nowplaying is:verified
-is:nullcastConjunction requiredExcludes promotional Posts (must be negated)"mobile games" -is:nullcast

Content Type Operators

OperatorTypeSummaryExample
has:hashtagsConjunction requiredMatches Posts with hashtagsfrom:XDevelopers -has:hashtags
has:cashtagsConjunction requiredMatches Posts with cashtags#stonks has:cashtags
has:linksConjunction requiredMatches Posts with linksfrom:XDevelopers has:links
has:mentionsConjunction requiredMatches Posts with mentions#nowplaying has:mentions
has:mediaConjunction requiredMatches Posts with media (photo, GIF, video)(kittens OR puppies) has:media
has:imagesConjunction requiredMatches Posts with images#meme has:images
has:video_linkConjunction requiredMatches Posts with native X videos#icebucketchallenge has:video_link
has:geoConjunction requiredMatches Posts with geolocation datarecommend #paris has:geo

Language Operator

OperatorTypeSummaryExample
lang:Conjunction requiredMatches Posts classified as a specific languagerecommend #paris lang:en

Engagement Operators

Use engagement operators to filter Posts by minimum likes, replies, or reposts. These operators are available on the /2/tweets/search/recent and /2/tweets/search/all endpoints.
OperatorTypeSummaryExample
min_likes:Conjunction requiredMatches Posts with at least the specified number of likesfrom:XDevelopers min_likes:100
min_replies:Conjunction requiredMatches Posts with at least the specified number of replies#announcement min_replies:50
min_reposts:Conjunction requiredMatches Posts with at least the specified number of repostslang:en min_reposts:25
Combine engagement operators to surface high-signal Posts. For example, from:XDevelopers min_likes:100 min_reposts:25 returns Posts from @XDevelopers with at least 100 likes and 25 reposts.

Logical Operators

OperatorSummaryExample
ORLogical OR between expressionscat OR dog
Space (AND)Logical AND between expressionscat dog (both required)
()Grouping for complex expressions(cat OR dog) -is:retweet
-Negation/exclusioncat -grumpy

Supported Languages

The lang: operator supports these BCP 47 language codes:
LanguageCodeLanguageCodeLanguageCode
AmharicamGreekelPortuguesept
ArabicarGujaratiguRomanianro
ArmenianhyHebrewiwRussianru
BasqueeuHindihiSerbiansr
BengalibnHungarianhuSimplified Chinesezh-CN
BulgarianbgIndonesianinSlovaksk
CatalancaItalianitSloveniansl
CroatianhrJapanesejaSpanishes
CzechcsKannadaknSwedishsv
DanishdaKoreankoTamilta
DutchnlLatvianlvTelugute
EnglishenLithuanianltThaith
EstonianetMalayalammlTraditional Chinesezh-TW
FinnishfiMarathimrTurkishtr
FrenchfrNorwegiannoUkrainianuk
GermandePersianfaUrduur
GeorgiankaPolishplVietnamesevi

Query limitations

Access levelRecent searchFull-archive search
Self-serve512 characters1,024 characters
Enterprise4,096 characters4,096 characters

Next steps

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